Virtual teams ... now is the time

---

“Virtuality is found in how team members work, not in where team members work.” Thomas P. Wise, "Trust in Virtual Teams"

---

Thomas P. Wise is probably correct that virtual teams are more about "how" than "where", but as the covid-19 virus is about as I write this, everyone is scrambling for the playbook on virtual teams, and turning to the chapter on "how" without question. We know the "where": tucked away at home or some other remote location

By Wise's take, these are the main determinants of whether a team is really virtual:

• Geography
• Communications
• Culture

The culture thing
I line up big time on the culture thing.
I've always said: You can't push culture through the Internet cable all that well.

Commonly, you've got two identities: Remote and Local. And each identity has a personality and behavior that fits the either the local or remote culture. (Will the "real" you come forward?)

In this moment of crises, project teams suddenly made virtual carry their project culture home, so it's not like hiring virtual staff and hoping the culture will seep through the Internet.

So, values, customs, loyalties, and trusting relationships -- all components of the culture -- will persist for the relatively short time this event will be with us. The question will be: what's the tail on this? How will it be different when we all gather back together?
It's an unknown, or better yet: a known unknown.

Geography and Communications
But, the the others are important. For instance, if in the long run, this sudden surge of virtual teams returns to perhaps working from home a day a week pretty much means just a geographic separation: you're not going to lose your culture (beliefs and norms) in just a day at the house. But, given enough time in a remote geography, and you're going to "go native" as they say.

And, of course, if you can't effectively communicate visually, then there goes the body language and probably half your communications input.
Conference calls -- voice only -- are the worst in this regard (just put it on mute and go the kitchen for a snack ... will you be missed? Will you miss anything? And, how would you or anyone know?)

The good news: all kinds of communication apps are popping up. The bad news: in the short run, the physical channels in the Internet are stressed.

---

Buy them at any online book retailer!

Commitment

---

"Whither thou goest, I will go; and where thou lodgest, I will lodge: thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God. Even to the end"

Harry Hopkins to Winston Churchill, February, 1941

---

Buy them at any online book retailer!

Who said 'evidence'?

---

Did you see this witicism at herdingcats?

A skeptic will question claims, then embrace the evidence. A denier will question claims, then reject the evidence. - Neil deGrase Tyson

Think of this whenever there is a conjecture that has no testable evidence of the claim. And think ever more when those making the conjectured claim refuse to provide evidence. When that is the case, it is appropriate to ignore the conjecture all together 

 

And, of course, think of this when office or business politics is made superior to evidence. Particularly the collision of politics and risk management

---

Buy them at any online book retailer!

Project Management ... my definition

---

When it comes to defining project management, there certainly is a "book" answer, and most would go to the PMBoK, the body of knowledge published by PMI.

Fair enough.

But, I beg to differ a bit. My idea of how PM should be defined is in the chart below.

My idea	Book Answer
Narrative	Initiating
Backlog	Planning
WIP, Test, V&V	Executing, Controlling
Delivery Partial delivery	Closing (Closing is at the very end)
Influencers and discriminators	Specific goals Specific success criteria

And what, you might ask, are "influencers and discriminators"? The executive summary is below, but read all about it here.

Influencer	Commentary
Resources	Money, staff, infrastructure, intellectual property or access Real, virtual, remote, dedicated or shared
Time	Calendar, duration, milestones, value-add points
Scope	Client deliverables; business deliverables; project debris Agile CUD: create, update, delete agility
Quality	Fitness to use; fitness to standards; fitness to “best value”
Risk	Risk to the client; risk to the business. Impact and likelihood. Black swan effects Anti-fragile

---

Buy them at any online book retailer!

Plans and improvisation

---

"As they say ... the best-thought-out battle plans fall apart as soon as the first shot is fired.
Then you improvise"
"Unless that first shot went through your head!"

Dialogue from Nelson DeMille's novel "The Deserter" 

---

Buy them at any online book retailer!

The unfolding course of events

---

"It is not given to human beings -- happily for them, for otherwise life would be intolerable -- to foresee or predict to any large extent the unfolding course of events"

Winston Churchill

Of course, project management can modify such a bit to tolerate some of the intolerable:

• Simulations can add to the extent of foresight of unfolding events
• Systems tests can reveal unforeseen hazards in the road ahead
• Verification and validation can trap missing requirements satisfaction that will make itself known in the fullness of time.

 And, the PMO can make judgments regarding the cost of over reacting vs the cost of under reacting to unfolding events.

• Protecting what you have vs foregoing a possible opportunity
• In effect, judging opportunity cost for a course of events that is not entirely foreseeable.

Of course Donald Rumsfeld could have been thinking of Churchill; would he have been tolerable if he could have seen 18 years ahead?

As we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns—the ones we don’t know we don’t know.

---

Buy them at any online book retailer!

Responsibilty, authority, and power

---

How often do we hear: "You're responsible for this or that. You'll be held accountable!"
Less often we hear: "You're responsible and here's the authority to get it done"

Almost never: "You're responsible; you have the authority; and here's the power to enforce your authority"

So what have we got here?
We all understand that accountability without authority is a pretty weak hand
But try enforcing authority without power .... not too easy

The fact is, many times you have to invent the power you need

• Fear is the easiest thing. Almost anyone can sell fear, and many can instill fear (*)
• Positional power is somewhat fear-based. Your power comes from an acknowledged relationship with an even more powerful person who really is feared (or held in very high esteem) 
• Perhaps the hardest power to develop is blind loyalty, but just before that comes leadership, born of high esteem and respect

Of all those, I've been most affected by effective leadership. Fear wears thin; positional power is often exposed for just playing politics. Real leadership is not only functional, but has the element of power needed to effect authority.

------------------
(*) In my organization, the ditty was:

• Shoot the first one; hang the second; and all the rest will follow

You have to admit, that's a power statement 

---

Buy them at any online book retailer!